[Second International Congress for the Defense of Culture, Valencia, Spain]

[Militiawomen guarding a barricade near the Plaza de Zocodover, Toledo, Spain]

[Republican militiaman outside the local general headquarters, Aragón front, Spain]

[General Enrique Lister and Ernest Hemingway, Mora de Ebro, Spain]

[Refugees walking on the road from Barcelona to the French border, Spain]

[Soldiers reading papers, University City, Madrid]

[Men looking through boxes of clothing on the street, Madrid]

[Man working in a greenhouse, Botanical garden, Madrid]